Abstract. In this paper, we discuss the key approaches and principles on which the construction of a harmonized, synthetic taxonomy of wheat should be based. Such taxonomy would meet the requirements of representatives of various scientific schools and be convenient to use. Long-term studies of expression and inheritance of taxonomically important features in the genus Triticum prompted us to build a taxonomy in which there will be a place not only for traditional wheat species and subspecies but also for man-made forms with unique expression levels of some features. We believe that the key principles of a synthetic taxonomy of wheat should include: a) ploidy level of species; b) genetic distance between or relatedness of species, and c) stages of wheat domestication.
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